11月份房市及利息走势分析报告
Summary
As Christmas approaches, the team at NZ Pathfinder Mortgage would like to wish you all a Merry Christmas and Happy New Year in advance. We will be closed from 24/12/2024 and will resume work on January 6.
On November 27, the Reserve Bank reduced the OCR (Official Cash Rate) by 50 basis points, prompting the four major banks to lower their floating mortgage interest rates. Fixed interest rates may also gradually decrease in the coming days.
The drop in floating interest rates means banks will lower their test rates, allowing people to borrow more money to purchase property. This is a positive signal for the recovery of the real estate market.
Currently, the number of people applying for loans is gradually increasing. However, with the year-end approaching, the approval process for loans from the four major banks is taking longer. Westpac, BNZ, and ASB are only offering pre-approvals to their main bank customers, which adds to the challenges of buying a home.
We are also seeing a rise in the number of people upgrading their homes or purchasing properties in school zones. These buyers have a genuine need for housing and aim to secure a suitable home for their families before prices increase. Market recovery is often driven by these demand-driven buyers. Once investors notice the market recovery, they gradually re-enter, making it increasingly challenging for first-home buyers to find good value properties.
Let us have a look at the November summary of property market
Property Market Outlook from ANZ
Property Focus
October’s REINZ housing market report marked a shift in momentum as sales volumes lifted (and were revised higher over history), while days to sell fell, tentatively suggesting the market is on a tightening trajectory. While house price falls resumed in October after a surprising lift in September, and indeed further falls are expected in the very near term given a backlog of listings on the market, the shift in underlying market momentum reinforces our expectation for a recovery in house prices over 2025.
Feature Article
House price forecast update Reflecting frontloaded OCR cuts, our expectation for a faster economic recovery from next year, and signs that housing market momentum is starting to shift, we’ve upgraded our house price forecast. While further falls are likely in the near term, we now expect house prices to rise 6% over 2025 (previously 4.5% y/y), and a further 5% over 2026. While lower interest rates and easing credit conditions are strong tailwinds for housing demand, the recovery faces plenty of headwinds too, with labour market conditions continuing to deteriorate, population growth slowing, and affordability stretched. With many moving parts affecting the housing market outlook, we see two-sided risks around our central forecast. In this month’s Feature Article, we detail the risks to our forecast by going through the each of the drivers of house prices in turn.
Mortgage Borrowing Strategy
Median mortgage rates are generally a little lower again this month in the wake of the RBNZ’s 50bp cut on 27 November. While that cut was outsized and following a cut of the same magnitude in October, wholesale swap rates were actually higher for most of November, having taken their lead from higher US interest rates in the wake of Trump’s election victory. Looking ahead, the outlook is mixed. While we expect more OCR cuts in 2025, markets have already anticipated them, and that’s why wholesale rates and mortgage rates have fallen ahead of – and in some cases, more quickly than – the OCR. What this also means is that while short-term fixed mortgage rates(like 6 months and 1 year) that tend to move more in step with the OCR have scope to fall a little further, rates like the 3yr, 4yr and 5yr may not fall further, especially with global long-term interest rates on the rise again. So, anyone who wants to try to lock in at the bottom may want to start thinking about how much longer they want to wait. As always, fixing for a mix of terms is one sure way to spread risk.
圣诞节马上来临, NZ Pathfinder 全体员工在提前祝大家圣诞快乐。 我们会在12月24号开始休息,1月6号恢复上班。
11月27号,央行把OCR降低了50个基点,四大银行纷纷下调了贷款的浮动利息。 固定利息可能会在未来几天慢慢下降。
浮动利息的下降代表银行将会下调test rate, 这代表人们之后可以从银行贷到更多的钱去购买房产。 这对房地产市场的恢复是积极的信号。
目前申请贷款的人数在慢慢增加,而且正好赶上年底, 四大行审批贷款的速度都很慢。 Westpac, BNZ, ASB 目前只给主银行的客人做预批, 这也增大了人们买房的难度。
目前换自住房的客人和买学区房的客人数量正在增加, 这些客人对房子是有刚需的,大家都想在房价要上涨前买到适合自己家庭的房子。 市场的恢复往往是这些有刚需的客人带动起来, 投资客看到市场价格恢复会慢慢入市,这会让首套购房者慢慢觉得越来越难买到性价比好的房产。
11月份的房地产市场总结
从10月份REINZ房地产市场报告数据来看, 销售量有所上升,销售周期正在缩短,这初步表明市场正在走向紧缩轨迹。 由于市场上仍有大量待售房源, 短期内预计房价会进一步下跌,但是市场正在恢复。
10月份房价指数环比下降0.5%, 销售量环比增长0.8%, 销售量目前接近历史平均水平。 销售量的上升与最近几个月拍卖成交率的回升相互印证,这就代表市场活动正在增强。
目前市场还有大量积压的房源,10月份新房源上市量大于往年。 尽管这会在短期对房价产生下行的压力,但是也表明房主对搬迁的信心正在增强, 市场的流动性正在恢复。
与此同时,10月份销售周期从49天缩短到46天,虽然房产的销售时间仍然长于39天的长期平均水平,但是缩短的迹象初步表明市场正朝着紧缩的轨迹发展。
新贷款的数量正在增加, 截至10月同比增长超过30%。 投资者在总贷款中的占比上升到22.7%,这是2018年8月以来的最高水平。 相比来看, 2024年首套房买家的贷款量呈下降趋势。
投资者选择入市主要是利息下降, 政府恢复利息抵扣,明线从10年恢复至2年。 但是很多贷款多的投资者还没有正式回归市场,这是利息还没有降到最低,租金收益还是很低,地税和保险的费用近年来大幅攀升。而且过去一年,租金的增长明显放缓,这是因为家庭收入和净移民的数量正在下降, 如果移民的数量进一步下降,会让房屋的空置率上升。 这些因素都会导致很多投资者很难回归市场。
但是从我们公司的数据来看,很多投资者正在考虑置换房产,把性价比不好的房产卖掉,来置换学区房,这样市场恢复后,房子的价格会升高。
经济学家对市场也进行了预测
我们来看看影响市场的每个因素
利率:
- 短期房价可能下跌,但随着利率下降和信贷条件宽松,预计2025年市场将复苏。
- RBNZ预计将继续降息,官方现金利率(OCR)预计到2025年中期降至3.5%,然后逐步回升。
- 通胀上行风险未消失,来自地方政府税、保险、电力等结构性因素可能影响通胀。
- 影响抵押贷款利率:批发利率对抵押贷款利率影响较大,预计随着RBNZ降息,抵押贷款利率会继续下降,但降幅可能放缓,部分长期利率预计会略有上升。
劳动力市场:
- 经济处于周期底部,劳动力需求减弱,失业率预计将上升至5.5%。
- 信心渠道影响:失业担忧可能导致家庭减少消费、推迟购房决策,消费者信心复苏较为疲弱。
- 住房市场复苏滞后,需要等到劳动力市场好转和信心回升,复苏过程将是渐进的。
人口增长:
- 人口增长是住房需求的关键因素,新西兰人口大部分增长来自净迁移。
- 净迁入量下降,由于劳动力市场疲软,移民减少,离境人数增加。2023年净流入为136,000人,2024年9月降至44,900人,预计明年中期将降至15,000人。
可负担性:
- 可负担性是影响房价的重要因素。衡量住房可负担性的两个最简单指标是贷款服务成本(即抵押贷款利率与贷款金额的乘积)和房屋购买价格(以及所需的首付)。
- 房价和利率均已下降,这意味着在这两个指标上,可负担性有所改善。
- 尽管如此,绝对可负担性仍然紧张,并且可能限制房价的显著上涨。
住房供应:
- 迄今为止,我们讨论了住房需求的驱动因素。房价的另一个方面当然是住房供应。
- 满足需求的住房建设长期以来一直是新西兰面临的一个挑战。
- 在COVID期间,超低利率(以及临时取消贷款价值比限制)推动了建筑业的繁荣,同时由于边界关闭,人口增长急剧下降,住房赤字大幅缩小。
- 但是,随着边界重新开放导致移民激增,且高利率限制了建筑需求,住房赤字再次开始扩大。
- 近年来,净迁入量的急剧下降已暂时遏制了新西兰住房赤字的扩大,但由于净迁移的周期性波动,这种情况不会永远持续。
本月早些时候,由于新西兰储备银行(RBNZ)提前下调利率,经济活动将更快复苏。自从我们上次在8月发布经济展望以来,RBNZ加快了宽松步伐,在10月和本周早些时候分别实施了50个基点的降息。高频数据已经显示,经济正在对较低利率作出反应。商业信心达到了十年来的最高水平,住房市场活动回升,其他经济活动指标也已从低点回升。然而较低的利率可能是有效的治疗方法,但并非立竿见影,同时,失业率上升和企业倒闭意味着形势可能会在好转之前变得更糟。
房价预测调整:
预计2025年房价将上涨6%(之前为4.5%),2026年上涨5%。尽管短期内房价可能会继续下跌,但长期复苏的前景更加强劲。
贷款市场
由于新西兰储备银行(RBNZ)在11月27日降息50个基点,本月的中位数抵押贷款利率普遍略有下降。尽管此次降息幅度较大,且紧随10月同样幅度的降息之后,但批发互换利率在11月大部分时间里实际上较高,主要受特朗普当选后美国利率上升的影响。
展望未来,前景较为复杂。虽然我们预计2025年还会有更多的官方现金利率(OCR)降息,但市场已经预期到了这些降息,因此批发利率和抵押贷款利率已经在OCR之前,甚至在某些情况下,下降得比OCR更快。这也意味着,虽然通常与OCR波动较为同步的短期固定抵押贷款利率(如6个月和1年期)还有一定空间进一步下调,但像3年期、4年期和5年期这样的长期利率可能不会进一步下降,特别是在全球长期利率再次上升的背景下。如往常一样,选择不同期限的贷款组合是一种分散风险的可靠方式。
因为贷款利息目前处在下降期,所以我们团队会在你贷款快到期的时间联系大家。
祝大家有个安全,快乐, 美好的假期。